feat(wfdb): add patient type detection from record metadata
- Add WFDB patient type classification for adult, pediatric, neonate, and default cases.
- Parse patient age from WFDB header comments using PTB and MIT-BIH metadata formats.
- Classify patients as neonate for age <= 1, pediatric for age <= 12, and adult for age > 12.
- Add record-name based fallback detection for infant, neo, and Leipzig-style x-series records.
- Add patient type field to WFDB_Reader and initialize it when opening a record.
- Expose wfdb_reader_get_patient_type() through the public API.
- Add unit tests covering PTB, MIT-BIH, naming convention, missing metadata, invalid input, and edge cases.